Pharmacognosy

Biological source: Kaladana (Celastrus paniculatus) is a climbing shrub that is commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of India. It can grow up to 15 meters in height. The plant has greenish-yellow flowers and small, red or orange berries. Family: Celastraceae, also known as the Staff vine family. This family of flowering plants contains around 150 species and is known for producing woody climbers and shrubs. Chemical constituents: Alkaloids: The plant is known to contain several alkaloids, including celastrine, paniculatine, and celapanine. These compounds are believed to have a range of medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-depressant effects. Flavonoids: The plant is also rich in flavonoids, which are a group of compounds known for their antioxidant properties. Lignans: Lignans are a group of compounds that also found in the plant, Lignans have been found to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Traditional u

  Biological source: Kantakari (Solanum xanthocarpum) is a medicinal plant that is native to India. It is a thorny shrub that can grow up to 2 meters in height. The plant has yellow flowers and small, green or yellow berries. Family : Solanaceae, also known as the Nightshade family. This family of flowering plants contains around 90 genera and 2,700 species. The family is known for producing a wide variety of medicinal and edible plants, including tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants. Chemical constituents: Alkaloids: Kantakari contains alkaloids like solasonine and solamargine which are believed to have medicinal properties. Steroids: The plant contains steroidal compounds such as solasoninine and solasonine, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Triterpenoids: The plant is also rich in triterpenoids, which are compounds known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Traditional uses: Used as a treatment for respiratory disorders: The plant has traditionally been used to tr

 Biological source: Kurchi (Holarrhena antidysenterica) is a medicinal plant that is native to India and other parts of South Asia. It is a small to medium-sized tree that can grow up to 20 meters in height. The plant has small, white or yellow flowers and large, fleshy fruit. Family: Apocynaceae, also known as the Dogbane family. This family of flowering plants contains around 400 species and is known for producing a wide variety of medicinal plants. Chemical constituents: Alkaloids: Kurchi contains alkaloids like holarrhenine, holacathinine, and conessine which are believed to have medicinal properties. Triterpenoids: The plant contains triterpenoids, which are compounds known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Flavonoids: The plant is also rich in flavonoids, which are a group of compounds known for their antioxidant properties. Traditional uses: Used as a treatment for diarrhea and dysentery: The plant has traditionally been used as a treatment for diarrhea and dysentery, due

 Biological source: Karaya gum, also known as Sterculia gum, is a natural gum that is obtained from the stem and branches of the Karaya tree (Sterculia urens). The tree is native to India and other parts of South Asia, and typically grows in dry, hilly regions. Family: Sterculiaceae, also known as the Sterculia family. This family of flowering plants contains around 40 genera and around 225 species, and is known for producing a wide variety of medicinal and edible plants, including cacao and cola. Geographical source: Karaya gum is primarily sourced from India and other parts of South Asia, where the Karaya tree (Sterculia urens) is native. It can also be found in other parts of Asia, as well as in Africa and South America. Cultivation, Collection, and Preparation: Cultivation: Karaya trees are typically grown in dry, hilly regions. They are drought-resistant and can grow in poor soil conditions. Collection: The gum is collected by making incisions in the trunk and branches of the tree